Computerized injection presses provide high dimensional accuracy wax patterns,
Automated shelling process ensures repeatable dimensional accuracy,
Induction melting combined with high quality crucibles and superalloy billets provides very clean and reliable inclusion-free castings
Casting techniques to reduce porosity and reach the optimized mechanical properties,
Selection of casting parameters which ensure the solidification control necessary for fine-grain equiaxed microstructures,
Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) to improve mechanical properties and enhance rotary parts performance...

Airfoils through holes can be made by STEM drilling in Machining stage, replacing tubes in casting stage.

By final Coating, the blades and vanes are finished and ready to be installed into turbine rotor